---
title: Linux下tmp目录的管理
categories:
  - 基础运维
tags:
  - ''
abbrlink: 23ada041
date: 2023-05-25 16:40:51
---


## 生成临时文件

可以使用mktemp命令生成tmp文件，mktemp -d生成临时目录，避免临时目录重复使用的问题

```bash
#!/bin/bash
tmp_file="$(mktemp)"
tmp_folder="$(mktemp -d)"

echo $tmp_file
echo $tmp_folder
```

## tmp目录定时清理

这个是由systemd的几个模块实现的， 在centos7中：

```bash
systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service  ：Create Volatile Files and Directories
systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service：Create static device nodes in /dev
systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service ：Cleanup of Temporary Directories
```

配置文件也有3个地方：

```bash
/etc/tmpfiles.d/*.conf
/run/tmpfiles.d/*.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/*.conf
```

/tmp目录的清理规则主要取决于`/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/tmp.conf`文件的设定，默认的配置内容为：

```bash
#  This file is part of systemd.
#
#  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
#  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
#  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
#  (at your option) any later version.

# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details

# Clear tmp directories separately, to make them easier to override
v /tmp 1777 root root 10d
v /var/tmp 1777 root root 30d

# Exclude namespace mountpoints created with PrivateTmp=yes
x /tmp/systemd-private-%b-*
X /tmp/systemd-private-%b-*/tmp
x /var/tmp/systemd-private-%b-*
X /var/tmp/systemd-private-%b-*/tmp
```

如你不想让系统自动清理/tmp下以tomcat开头的目录，那么增加下面这条内容到配置文件中即可：

```bash
x /tmp/tomcat.*
```